| This eclectic
collection of contemporary and classical articles examines a variety of
operational and administrative issues in the context of modern police work.
It provides even coverage in terms of both theoretical and applied perspectives,
with an analytical approach. In this regard, the reader is given a foundation
as to why the police operate as they do.
Gaines and Cordner's
anthology offers the following distinctive features:
- A number of
articles on the community policing movement.
- A section addressing
administrative issues. Critics of policing have charged that antiquated
management styles have hampered the progress of community policing.
- The section
on doing police work addresses a number of specific operational issues.
- A strong section
on ethics and deviance. Some critics charge that community policing may result
in increased levels of police corruption and ethical violations.
- Articles that
put the "problem solving" strategy of community policing into perspective.
Thought-provoking
introductions to each article and each section guide the student and ease
instruction by identifying and explaining central issues, key concepts, and
relationships among topics. This gives internal cohesiveness and structure
to the selections. A comprehensive subject index is also provided.
Table of Contents
Part I: The Function
of The Police
1. Dilemmas of
Police Administration
James Q. Wilson
In this classical
piece, Wilson examines the role of the police in modern society. It represents
the early beginnings of the movement from the professional model to order
maintenance.
2. Reconsidering
the Police Role
Clifford Shearing
and Jeffrey Leon
Shearing and Leon
further define the police role from a macro level by examining the police
vis-à-vis the police in relation to other institutions in our society
and the police's ability to use force to maintain order.
3. Can the Police
Be Privatized
Philip Fixler
and Robert Poole, Jr.
Over the years there
have been efforts to privatize public safety services. Fixler and Poole
examine and discuss these efforts in terms of their effectiveness and overall
impact on society and policing.
4. The County Sheriff
as a Distinctive Policing Modality
David Falcone
and Edward Wells
The sheriff is one
of the oldest forms of law enforcement in Western society. The authors
examine it as an American institution.
Part II: History
and Context
5. The Development
of Modern Police
David Bayley
Bayley traces the
development of policing by focusing on our English heritage. Additionally,
Bayley examines police as they developed in a variety of other cultures.
6. Southern Slave
Patrols as a Transitional Police Style
Phillip Reichel
Slave patrols represent
a distinctive form of early American law enforcement. Reichel's discussion
of them helps better define the development of American policing.
7. The Municipal
Detective: An Historical Analysis
Jack Kuykendall
Police detectives
evolved in terms of how they investigated crimes. Kuykendall provides an
interesting and detailed examination of this evolution.
8. Broken Windows
and Fractured History
Samuel Walker
Walker critiques
some of the historical discussions of the police. He provides a realistic
examination of early American policing and discusses its implication for
modern policing.
Part III: Strategies
and Programs
9. Crime and Policing
Mark H. Moore,
Robert Trojanowicz, and George Kelling
The authors explore
the movement toward community policing. They compare some of the traditional
and community policing methods and discuss probable outcomes.
10. Community Policing:
Elements and Effects
Gary Cordner
Cordner provides
one of the more comprehensive discussions of the meaning of community policing.
He provides a framework for its understanding and implementation.
11. The Problems
of Problem-Solving
Michael Buerger
To some extent, problem-solving
has been offered as a panacea for policing. Buerger discusses the extent
to which problem-solving can be a successful strategy.
12. The Kansas
City Gun Experiment
Lawrence Sherman,
James Shaw, and Dennis Rogan
The authors examine
the effects of increased patrols in gun crime hot spots and how such patrols
can positively affect violent crime.
Part IV: The Nature
of Police Work
13. Four Policemen
William K. Muir
Muir's classical
study describes how police officers adjust to the job. He describes the
four distinctive types of officers in detail.
14. Patterns of
Police Investigation
William B. Waegel
The author looks
closely at how police investigate property and personal crimes. He explains
and illustrates how investigations differ between routine and nonroutine
offenses.
15. What Is Patrol
Work
Gordon Whitaker
Whitaker provides
one of the first detailed analyses of what police officers do while on patrol.
This solid work helps place patrol in its proper perspective.
16. Learning the
Skills of Policing
David Bayley and
Egon Bittner
The authors explore
how information is transmitted through formal and informal channels within
police organizations. Their discussion touches upon the problem of competing
cultures.
Part V: Doing Police
Work
17. The Law Enforcement
Response to Spouse Abuse
David Hirschel,
Ira Hutchison, Charles Dean, and Anne-Marie Mills
The authors explore
the explosive issue of domestic violence. They provide a solid foundation
to how the police have responded in the past, and they review the effectiveness
of current responses.
18. Vice Isn't
Nice: A Look at the Effects of Working Undercover
Mark Pogrebin
and Eric Poole
The authors examine
one of the most controversial police activities. They explore undercover
in terms of its effects on officers and society.
19. The Police
and Drugs
Mark Moore and
Mark Kleiman
Moore and Kleiman
explore the strategies available to the police for attacking the drug problem.
They discuss the appropriateness of various strategies in terms of problems
and police organizations.
20. Police Handling
of People With Mental Illness
Elizabeth Perkins
and Gary Cordner
The mentally ill
represent one of the most thorny issues confronting the police. The authors
explore strategies for dealing with mental illness.
Part VI: Ethics
And Deviance
21. Learning Police
Ethics
Lawrence Sherman
Police integrity
has become a national concern. Sherman provides insights into how police
officers learn and develop ethics. He also discusses the implications of
police ethics on performance.
22. Drug-Related
Corruption of Police Officers
David Carter
Drug corruption has
become one of the most significant problems in law enforcement. Carter examines
the extent and implications of drug corruption on the police.
23. Exploring Police
Sexual Violence Against Women
Peter Kraska and
Victor Kappeler
Police sexual harassment
and violence against women is an extensive but seldom discussed problem.
Kraska and Kappeler review a number of cases and place the problem in its
proper perspective.
24. " Fluffing
Up the Evidence and Covering Your Ass": Some Conceptual Notes on Police Lying
Thomas Barker
and David Carter
Defense attorneys
have long accused the police of lying in order to procure convictions. The
authors explore police lying within the police culture.
Part VII: Administration
and Management
25. Developing
Police Policy: An Evaluation of the Control Principle
Geoffrey Alpert
and William Smith
Alpert and Smith
examine the role of policy formulation in policing. They tactfully examine
the need to balance controlling police discretion with the need to empower
officers.
26. Empowering
Police Officers: The Tarnished Silver Bullet?
Larry Gaines and
Charles Swanson
The authors analyze
the rhetoric surrounding empowerment of officers and community policing.
They also examine police administration in terms of contemporary theory.
27. Community Policing
and Police Agency Accreditation
Gary Cordner and
Gerald Williams
The authors examine
whether accreditation and its rulification hamper community policing.
28. An Institutional
Perspective of Policing
John Crank and
Robert Langworthy
The authors examine
the nature of the relationship between police organizations and their environment.
Part VIII: Contemporary
Issues
29. Report of the
Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department
The Christopher
Commission
The Rodney King incident
has been one of the most influential events in recent police history. A
summary of the Commission's findings is provided.
30. Police Use
of Deadly Force: Research and Reform
James Fyfe
Deadly force has
long been a problem in law enforcement. Fyfe clarifies the problem, examines
the extent to which deadly force is a problem, and examines how the police
have approached it.
31. Militarizing
American Police: The Rise and Normalization of Paramilitary Units
Peter Kraska and
Victor Kappeler
A number of departments
have created paramilitary units which use quasi-military tactics to deal
with a number of crime problems. The authors examine this phenomenon and
discuss its implications for the broader police role.
32. Dragons and
Dinosaurs: The Plight of Patrol Women
Donna Hale and
Stacey Wyland
Gender is an age-old
problem in policing. The authors explore the barriers to gender equality
and provide suggestions for improvement.
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