THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM Law and Process First Edition

Joseph B. Sanborn, Jr., University of Central Florida Anthony W. Salerno, Rowan University, Emeritus

ISBN: 1-891487-95-7 softbound, 587 pages, ©2005

Instructor Manual/Testing Program Available Online Joseph B. Sanborn, Jr., University of Central Florida ISBN: 1-931719-74-8, 167 pages To obtain access to this material, click here. If you have proper access, click here for the PDF or click here for the Word DOC.

Interactive Student Study Guide Available (CD-ROM) Pat Faiella, Massasoit Community College ISBN: 1-931719-81-0 Click here to see a SAMPLE from the Interactive Student Study Guide.

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Juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice are two essential topics in the criminal justice curriculum. Sanborn and Salerno's THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM: LAW AND PROCESS is dedicated solely to explaining juvenile justice. This text explores the many differences between the juvenile justice and the criminal justice systems, both those that benefit youths and those that are arguably unfair to them. The book concentrates, describes, and explains the unique traits of juvenile justice and what makes it so different from criminal justice. THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM specifically addresses what actually happens during the court process, devoting an entire chapter to the adjudicatory hearing as well as all other major decision-making stages. A unique feature is its in-depth coverage of plea bargaining. Also featured are topics such as parental role in the juvenile justice system, school searches, and the origin of juvenile court. Another unique benefit of this text is the Numbers section at the end of several chapters, detailing how many youths have been affected by various decisions made in the juvenile justice system (such as arrest, detention, transfer to adult court, adjudication, being placed on probation, or committed to residential placement). In addition, the appendices identify juvenile justice standards for all 50 states and Washington, DC, as well as the federal jurisdiction. These standards apply to all decisions made within the juvenile justice system, including arrest, detention, diversion, intake, transfer, adjudication, disposition, and postdispositional stages. The text is written in a conversational, reader-friendly style. Each chapter describes and analyzes, step by step, what young alleged offenders experience in each successive stage of the court process. For each chapter, outlines of key terms and concepts aid student comprehension and serve as a starting point for class discussion. Each chapter also features discussion questions designed to stimulate students' critical thinking. A comprehensive Instructor's Manual/Testing Program is available. Additionally, an interactive Student Study Guide is included with each copy of the book. TABLE OF CONTENTS   SECTION I: A HISTORY OF JUVENILE JUSTICE IN THE UNITED STATES Chapter 1: Putting Juvenile Justice Into Context Some Preliminary Distinctions Models or Philosophies of Juvenile Justice Impact of the Rehabilitation Model The Varied Purposes of Juvenile Justice The Terminology Differentiation Chapter 2: Historical Development of Juvenile Justice Quakers' Reform Efforts in the Nineteenth Century Houses of Refuge Legal Foundation for the Houses of Refuge Reformatories and Separate Trial Dockets The Emergence of the Juvenile Court The Legal Foundation of Juvenile Court The Reasons Juvenile Defendants Had No Rights in Juvenile Court The Juvenile Justice System, 1899-1967: An Overview Chapter 3: United States Supreme Court Intervention: The Legal Framework of Juvenile Justice The Need for Changes in Juvenile Court Procedures Establishing the Legal Framework of Juvenile Justice in Kent v. U.S. In re Gault and the Modification of Juvenile Court Procedure Putting Gault and the Legal Framework Into Context In re Winship and the Burden of Proof McKeiver v. Pennsylvania and the Right to Jury Trial Breed v. Jones and Trial in Both Juvenile and Adult Court The Overall Result of the Legal Framework SECTION II: THE NATURE OF JUVENILE MISBEHAVIOR Chapter 4: Juvenile Court Jurisdiction Factors Influencing Jurisdiction Juvenile Delinquency Status Offenses Mandatory Exclusion Chapter 5: Measuring Juvenile Crime Measuring Juvenile Delinquency Uniform Crime Reports Victimization Surveys Self-Report Surveys Validation of SRS Cohort Studies Evaluating Measures of Juvenile Delinquency Age and Delinquency Gender and Delinquency Race and Delinquency Social Class and Delinquency Juveniles Preying on Juveniles: Juveniles as Victims Chapter 6: Patterns of Juvenile Crime Considering Patterns Crime in the Schools Gangs Juvenile Violent Crime Serious Violent Juveniles (SVJ) SECTION III: THE GATEKEEPERS OF JUVENILE JUSTICE Chapter 7: Policing Juveniles Policing: The Underdeveloped Component Unique Police Service and Prevention Roles Juveniles' Attitudes Toward Police Community-Oriented Policing Curfew Laws Detecting Youth Misbehavior Field Investigations and Stops and Frisks The Decision Not to Arrest a Youth Grounds and Evidence for Arrest (Taking Into Custody) Factors That Can Affect the Decision to Arrest Procedures Following Arrest Search and Seizure and Interrogation Fingerprints and Photographs Other Identification Measures The Decision to Refer the Case to Juvenile Court Chapter 8: The Juvenile Court Personnel A Unique Place to Work The Prosecutor The Defense Attorney The Judge Referees and Masters Probation Officers Parents and Victims Personnel Overview Chapter 9: The Intake Process Intake Objectives POs as Intake Workers The Uniqueness of Intake Intake Options Intake Decision Making The Essence of Diversion Failure, Successful Completion, and Impact of Diversion Modern Aspects of Diversion Research on Who Is Diverted The Formal Prosecution Option The Numbers at Intake SECTION IV: THE JUVENILE COURT: THE PRELIMINARY STAGES Chapter 10: Detention POs as the Gatekeepers to Detention Humane Detention The Detention Alternative Movement Detention Settings Juveniles in Jail Juveniles Eligible for Detention Detention Research Risks (and Needs) Assessment Detention Hearing Constitutional Rights at the Detention Hearing The Need to Detain Release Conditions Addressing the Charges at Detention The Numbers at Detention Expedited Trial Date for Detention Cases Potential Unique Aspects of Juvenile Detention Chapter 11: The Pretrial Stage An Underdeveloped Stage Pleading Pretrial Issues Informal Resolutions Plea Bargaining Non-negotiated Guilty Pleas The Pleading Guilty Process Heading to Transfer or to an Adjudicatory Hearing Chapter 12: Transfer to Adult Court The Prospect of Self-Transfer The What of Transfer The Why of Transfer The When of Transfer The How (or Types) of Transfer: Judicial and Prosecutorial The First Stage of Judicial Transfer: The Probable Cause Hearing The Second Stage of Judicial Transfer: The Amenability Hearing Prosecutorial Transfer Current Standards in Judicial and Prosecutorial Transfer The Extent of Transfer to Adult Court Research on Transfer to Adult Court Reverse Transfer: Sending the Youth Back to Juvenile Court Transfer to Juvenile Court's Second Tier The Juvenile's Future in Criminal Court Youthful Offender Sentencing in Criminal Court Use of the Juvenile Court Record in Criminal Court Sentencing Research on Adult Court Sentencing of Juveniles Some Numbers on Youth Convicted and Sentenced in Criminal Court SECTION V: JUVENILE COURT'S TRIAL AND SENTENCING STAGES Chapter 13: The Adjudicatory Hearing Prosecutorial Case Preparation The Right to Counsel in Juvenile Court Waiving the Right to Counsel The Nature of Defense Representation in Juvenile Court Defense Case Preparation The Right to a Speedy Trial in Juvenile Court Listing the Case for an Adjudicatory Hearing Using Masters or Referees to Conduct the Adjudicatory Hearing The Nature of Judicial Decision Making in Juvenile Court The Private Versus Public Adjudicatory Hearing The Nature of the Adjudicatory Hearing The Adjudicatory Hearing for Detained Youth Some Unique Aspects of the Adjudicatory Hearing The Numbers at Adjudication Chapter 14: The Disposition Hearing The Timing of Disposition The Participants at Disposition The Youth's Rights at Disposition The Predisposition Report Situational Factors That Can Affect Disposition The Pandora's Box of Dispositional Factors Research Into Factors Affecting Disposition Dispositional Options in Juvenile Court The Probation Disposition The Disposition Ladder The Commitment Disposition Differentiated Sentencing Mandatory and Minimum Sentences Sentencing the Parents The Numbers at Disposition Chapter 15: Postdisposition Hearings and Matters in Juvenile Court The Right to Appeal Postdisposition Hearings The Nonconfidential Juvenile Court Record Sealing and Expunging Juvenile Court Records SECTION VI: COMMUNITY AND INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS IN JUVENILE JUSTICE Chapter 16: Prevention and Treatment in the Community Community Corrections and Juvenile Justice Juvenile Probation Diversion Teen Courts Juvenile Drug Courts Juveniles in Community Correctional Programs Prevention Programs Schools The Family Postadjudication Programs Best Practices for Probation and Community Corrections Restorative Justice Juvenile Gun Courts Intensive Aftercare Program The Numbers at Probation Chapter 17: Juvenile Institutions Putting Juvenile Institutions Into Context Juvenile Detention Boot Camps Overview of Juvenile Incarceration Hidden Juvenile Corrections Privatizing Juvenile Corrections Institutional Program Models Best Practices for Education and Rehabilitation in Juvenile Corrections Disproportionate Minority Confinement The Institutional Subculture Incarcerated Girls The Right to Treatment Protecting the Rights of Incarcerated Juveniles Conditions in Juvenile Corrections The Numbers at Juvenile Corrections The Costs of Juvenile Corrections Release From Incarceration SECTION VII: FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN JUVENILE JUSTICE Chapter 18: The Future of Juvenile Court Putting the History of Juvenile Justice Into Context: The Three Major Themes Putting the Future of Juvenile Court Into Context Factors Affecting the Future Probable Developments Concluding Remarks: Abolish or Retain Juvenile Court? Appendixes Glossary Court Cases Informative Websites References Subject Index Name Index Case Index