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Glossary

1. When asked if he thought a certain behavior was right or wrong, Miguel responded that in order to decide, he would have to know the culture in which the behavior occurred, indicating that he is operating from the _________________ position.
a. ethical absolutist
b. ethical relativist
c. ethical universalist
d. meta-ethical contextualist

2. _________________ is defined as the rights and privileges of dominant power groups that can impose their ethical standards on other nondominant groups or powerless individuals.
a. Ethical relativism
b. Ethical universalism
c. Colonial ethnocentrism
d. Defensive ethnocentrism

3. Madeline believes that her ingroup is superior to other groups, and tells racist jokes as a means to marginalize these other groups. She is practicing which stage of the path model?
a. Defensive ethnocentrism
b. Ambivalent ethnocentrism
c. Functional flexibility
d. Dynamic flexibility

4. Mieko has started to realize that she has some blind spots regarding her views of other outgroups. She has confused feelings but doesn’t make any efforts to get to know individuals from these outgroups. She is practicing which stage of the path model?
a. Defensive ethnocentrism
b. Ambivalent ethnocentrism
c. Functional flexibility
d. Dynamic flexibility

5. The stage of the path model in which you retain some of your cultural/ethnic value patterns or beliefs, yet you can communicate appropriately with dissimilar others is called __________________.
a. Defensive ethnocentrism
b. Ambivalent ethnocentrism
c. Functional flexibility
d. Dynamic flexibility

6. Max communicates effectively with dissimilar others. He retains the best of his cultural, ethical, and other aspects of his identity, but he also has an open-minded attitude and uses his culture-sensitive knowledge and skills to communicate. He is in what stage of the path model?
a. Defensive ethnocentrism
b. Ambivalent ethnocentrism
c. Functional flexibility
d. Dynamic flexibility

7. Manik believes that what is right is always right and that treating each person consistently across cultures means fairness. He is operating from which ethical position?
a. Ethical absolutism
b. Ethical relativism
c. Ethical universalism
d. Meta-ethical contextualism

8. The ethical stance which is an ideal to strive for, but which unfortunately is difficult to put into practice because of the tendency for dominant groups to produce the guidelines by which behaviors should be judged, is called ____________________.
a. ethical absolutism
b. ethical relativism
c. ethical universalism
d. meta-ethical contextualism

9. A particular culture expects its elderly to be taken care of by the parents’ oldest child. According to the key meta-ethics concepts, this is an example of _________________.
a. justice
b. a culture-specific duty
c. a culture-general duty
d. fairness

10. Across the globe, parents are expected to take part in the care and nurturing of their children. According to key meta-ethics concepts, this is an example of _________________.
a. justice
b. a culture-specific duty
c. a culture-general duty
d. fairness

11. In ethical absolutism, the importance of cultural context is minimized.
True
False

12. Justice implies consideration of the consequences for all those affected by the situation, directly or indirectly.
True
False

13. In the ambivalent ethnocentrism stage of the path model, you can dance adaptively with your intercultural partner.
True
False

14. In meta-ethics, a layered contextual perspective means that a particular perspective is designated as the top “layer” and is used to make ethical judgments.
True
False

15. In the position of ethical relativism, when making judgments about others’ behavior, the cultural context is not important.
True
False

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